About Optic Neuritis
Optic neuritis take place when the swelling (inflammation) damages the optc nerve. Optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers that transfer visual information from your eye to your brain. Ordinary symptoms of optic neuritis include pain with eye movement and temporary loss of vision in your one eye.
Signs and symptoms of optic neuritis can be the first indication of multiple sclerosis (MS), or they can take place later in the course of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) . Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease that give rise to inflammation and give harm to nerves in your brain as well as the optic nerve.
Besides Multiple Sclerosis (MS), optic nerve ianflammation can take place with other conditions, including infections or immune diseases, such as lupus, very few, other disease called neuromyelitis optica give rise to inflammation of the optic nerve and spinal cord.
Most of the people who have a single episode of optic neuritis in the end they recover from their vision without any treatment. Sometimes steroid medications can speed the recovery of vision after optic neuritis.
Optic Neuritis Symptoms :-
Optic neuritis generally affects one eye. Symptoms might include :
• Pain -
Most people who develop optic neuritis have pain in eye that's worsened by the movement of eye. Sometimes the pain feels like a dull pain behind the eye.
• Vision Loss in One Eye -
A few people have at least some short time depletion in vision, but the extent of loss varies. Noticeable vision loss generally develops over hours or days and improves over several weeks to months. loss of vision is permanent in some people.
• Visual Field Lost -
Side vision loss can take place in any pattern, such as central vision loss or peripheral vision loss.
• Loss of Color Vision -
Optic neuritis often affects color perception. You may notice that colors appear less vivid than normal.
• Flashing Lights -
Some people with optic neuritis report seeing flashing or flickering lights with an eye movements.
When to See a Doctor :-
Eye situation can be serious. Some can lead to permanent loss of vision, and some are connected with other serious medical problems. Contact your doctor if :• You develop new symptoms, such as pain in eye or any change in your vision.
• Your symptoms worsen or do not improve with any treatment.
• You have uncommon symptoms, involving vision loss in both eyes, double vision, and numbness or weakness in one or more limbs, which can specify a neurological disorder.
Optic Neuritis Causes :-
The exact cause of optic neuritis is unknown. It is trusted to develop when the immune system incorrectly targets the substance covering your optic nerve, resulting in inflammation and damage to the myelin.Normally, the myelin helps electrical impulses travel quickly from the eye to the brain, where they are converted into visual information. Optic neuritis disturb this process, affecting vision.
( A ) The following autoimmune curcumstances often are connected with optic neuritis :
• Multiple Sclerosis -
Multiple sclerosis is a disease in which your autoimmune system attacks the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers in your brain. people with optic neuritis, have the risk of developing multiple sclerosis after one episode of optic neuritis is about 50% for a lifetime. Your risk of expanding multiple sclerosis after optic neuritis grow further if an MRI scan shows lesions on your brain.
• Neuromyelitis Optica -
In this situation, inflammation affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. Neuromyelitis optica has similarities to multiple sclerosis, but neuromyelitis optica does not cause any damage to the nerves in the brain as often as Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ) does. Still, neuromyelitis optica is more serious than MS, often resulting in a diminished recovery after an attack compared with Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ).
• Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) Antibody Disorder -
This circumstances can give rise to inflammation to the optic nerve, spinal cord or brain. Common to Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ) and neuromyelitis optica, recurrent attacks of inflammation can occur. Recovery from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) attacks is generally better than recovery from neuromyelitis optica.
( B ) When symptoms of optic neuritis are more complex, other connected causes need to be considered, including :
• Infections -
Bacterial infections, involving Lyme disease, cat-scratch fever and syphilis, or viruses, they are like measles, mumps and herpes, can cause optic neuritis.
• Other Diseases -
Diseases such as sarcoidosis, Behcet's disease and lupus can give rise to recurrent optic neuritis.
• Drugs & Toxins -
Some drugs and toxins have been connected with the development of optic neuritis. Ethambutol, used to treat tuberculosis, and methanol, a common ingredient in antifreeze, paints and solvents, are connected with optic neuritis.
Optic Neuritis Risk Fctors :-
Risk factors for developing optic neuritis include:
• Age-
Optic neuritis most frequetly affects adults ages 20 to 40.
• Sex-
Women are more probable to develop optic neuritis than men are.
• Race-
Optic neuritis happens more frequently in white people.
• Genetic Mutations '
Determined genetic mutations might expand your risk of developing optic neuritis or multiple sclerosis.
Optic Neuritis Complications :-
Complications taking place from optic neuritis may include:
• Optic Nerve Damage -
Most od the people have some permanent optic nerve damage after an episode of optic neuritis, but the damage might not cause any permanent symptoms.
• Decreased Visual Acuity-
Most of the people regain normal or near-normal vision within few months, but a partial loss of color discrimination might persist. For some people, vision loss persists.
• Side effects of Treatment -
Steroid medications used to cure optic neuritis subdue your immune system, which causes your body to become more susceptible to infections. Other side effects involve mood changes and weight gain.