About Polysomnography Test :
Polysomnography test is a sleep study. In this test some body functions are recorded during sleep. Polysomnography test is used to diagnose sleep disorders . Apart from this, some other things can also be detected through this test. After the test, only after its result is revealed, the doctor treats it accordingly.
The polysomnography test is done at bedtime. At this time the doctor records the sleep pattern and it is ascertained whether there is any sleep disorder. Polysomnography test is done in conditions like sleep apnea, REM sleep behavior disorder.
What is polysomnography test?
Polysomnography test is a study related to sleep. A detailed investigation is done in this, so that sleep disorder can be detected. The polysomnography test records brain waves, oxygen levels in the blood, heart rate and breathing, as well as eye and leg movements. The polysomnography test is done in the sleep disorder unit or sleep center of the hospital. This is usually done at night only. Along with detecting sleep disorder, with the help of polysomnography test, the treatment of sleep disorder can be adjusted beforehand or it can also be started.
Why is polysomnography test done?
Polysomnography monitors the different stages and cycles of sleep. Along with this, it is also known that when sleep is getting affected. In this, mainly the breathing rate, airflow, oxygen level and heart rate are recorded. Generally polysomnography test is done in the following situations –
Sleep apnea or other sleep-related breathing disorder
In this condition, the person's ability to breathe repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. At this time, a person can also snore loudly and his sleep can also be broken again and again.
Periodic limb movement disorder
In this sleep disorder, the person bends and spreads his legs during sleep. This condition is sometimes associated with restless leg syndrome .
Narcolepsy
This condition of excessive drowsiness and sudden sleepiness during the day is called narcolepsy .
REM sleep behavior disorder
Brain activity is high during rapid eye movement. At this time the person is dreaming. In this sleep disorder, the person starts behaving in the same way as he dreams while sleeping.
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Acting strange during sleep
Even if a person walks while sleeping or has rhythmic movements, the doctor may also recommend a polysomnography test.
Chronic insomnia without cause
If there is a lot of difficulty in sleeping or if you always keep sleeping, then also you can be asked to undergo polysomnography test.
Risk of Polysomnography Test
Polysomnography test does not cause any kind of pain, hence it is considered a risk-free test. During the test, electrodes are placed against the skin, due to which a slight burning sensation may be felt in the skin. In addition, no other risks have been noted for the polysomnography test.
Polysomnography test results :
It may take about 3 days for the report of this test to come. Its result can be as follows -
If the report of polysomnography test is not correct, then the following types of sleep disorders can occur –
sleep apnea or other breathing disorder
seizure disorder
periodic limb movement disorder or other movement disorder
narcolepsy or unusual daytime tiredness
To diagnose sleep apnea, the doctor can review the polysomnography test report in the following ways
Checking the frequency of apnea, which is when breathing stops for 10 seconds or more.
Checking the frequency of hypopnea, which is when breathing stops for 10 seconds or more.
After this the doctor can check the result of the test with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). An AHI score less than 5 is considered normal. This data, combined with normal brain wave and muscle movement data, suggests that the patient does not have sleep apnea. Whereas, if the AHI score is 5 or more, then it is considered abnormal. The chart of AHI is something like this -
If the AHI score is from 5 to 15, it is considered mild sleep apnea.
An AHI score of 15 to 30 indicates moderate sleep apnea.
An AHI score greater than 30 indicates severe sleep apnea.