Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (मायकोप्लाज्मा न्यूमोनिया) एक bacterial pathogen है जो मुख्य रूप से respiratory tract infection करता है।
- यह atypical pneumonia का प्रमुख कारण है।
- बच्चों, युवाओं और young adults में अधिक common है।
- Symptoms अक्सर mild लेकिन prolonged होते हैं।
- Transmission मुख्य रूप से droplet infection के माध्यम से होती है।
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection क्या है (What is Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection)
- Caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae bacteria
- Leads to upper and lower respiratory tract infection
- Often referred to as “walking pneumonia” due to mild symptoms
- Can cause pharyngitis, bronchitis, or pneumonia
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection कारण (Causes of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection)
1. Bacterial Pathogen
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae: smallest free-living bacteria, lacks cell wall
- Resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics
2. Transmission
- Airborne droplets from cough or sneeze
- Close contact in schools, colleges, offices
- Rarely via contaminated surfaces
3. Risk Factors
- Age: 5–30 years most affected
- Crowded environments
- Weak immune system
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection लक्षण (Symptoms of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection)
- Gradual onset fever, malaise, and headache
- Persistent dry cough (main symptom)
- Sore throat (pharyngitis)
- Fatigue and muscle aches
- Mild shortness of breath
- Occasionally rash, ear pain, or hemolytic anemia
Symptoms are usually mild to moderate, allowing patients to remain active — hence “walking pneumonia”。
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection)
- Clinical Evaluation – persistent dry cough, mild fever, pharyngitis
- Chest X-ray – shows patchy or interstitial infiltrates
- Serology / Blood Tests – IgM and IgG antibodies detection
- PCR Testing – confirms bacterial DNA in respiratory samples
- Sputum Culture – rarely done due to slow growth
Early diagnosis helps in appropriate antibiotic therapy।
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection इलाज (Treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection)
1. Antibiotics
- Macrolides: Azithromycin (preferred for children)
- Tetracyclines: Doxycycline (for adults)
- Fluoroquinolones: Levofloxacin (in severe adult cases)
2. Symptomatic Treatment
- Fever and pain: Paracetamol or NSAIDs
- Cough relief: Cough suppressants and hydration
- Rest and nutrition
3. Complication Management
- Rarely: pneumonitis, encephalitis, hemolytic anemia
- Hospitalization may be needed in severe cases
Most patients recover in 1–3 weeks with proper treatment।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette
- Avoid close contact with infected individuals
- Cover mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing
- Maintain good immune health through balanced diet and sleep
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Complete full course of antibiotics
- Avoid self-medication with ineffective antibiotics
- Monitor for breathing difficulty, high fever, or persistent cough
- Children and elderly require close observation
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae contagious है?
हाँ, primarily through respiratory droplets।
Q2. क्या यह bacterial pneumonia से अलग है?
Yes, यह “atypical pneumonia” कहलाती है क्योंकि symptoms mild और slow-onset होते हैं।
Q3. Walking pneumonia क्या है?
Mild pneumonia जिसमें patient active रहता है और hospitalization rare है।
Q4. Recovery में कितना समय लगता है?
Usually 1–3 weeks; cough may persist for several weeks।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (मायकोप्लाज्मा न्यूमोनिया) एक mild लेकिन contagious respiratory infection है।
Early recognition, appropriate antibiotic therapy, symptom management और precautions से complete recovery संभव है।
अगर किसी को persistent dry cough, mild fever, और sore throat हो, तो तुरंत doctor से consultation जरूरी है।