Necrobacillosis (नेक्रोबेसिलोसिस) एक bacterial infection है, जो अक्सर anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium necrophorum के कारण होती है।
- यह condition humans और animals (जैसे cattle और sheep) दोनों में हो सकती है।
- Human infections rare हैं लेकिन oral cavity, throat, skin, या systemic infection का कारण बन सकती हैं।
- Severe untreated cases में tissue necrosis, sepsis, और organ failure हो सकता है।
Necrobacillosis क्या है (What is Necrobacillosis)
- Bacterial infection caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum
- Leads to necrotic lesions in affected tissues
- Commonly affects oral cavity, tonsils, pharynx, skin, liver, lungs
- Can result in Lemierre’s syndrome when septic thrombophlebitis of internal jugular vein occurs
Necrobacillosis कारण (Causes of Necrobacillosis)
1. Bacterial Infection
- Fusobacterium necrophorum – anaerobic Gram-negative rod
- Normal flora of oral cavity and GI tract, becomes pathogenic under certain conditions
2. Predisposing Factors
- Poor oral hygiene, mucosal injury, trauma
- Recent tonsillitis, pharyngitis, or dental infections
- Immunocompromised state: diabetes, HIV, cancer
3. Spread of Infection
- Local tissue invasion → necrosis
- Bloodstream invasion → septicemia
- Rarely, lung abscess, liver abscess, or systemic complications
Necrobacillosis लक्षण (Symptoms of Necrobacillosis)
Symptoms depend on site of infection:
Oral / Throat Infection
- Severe sore throat
- Fever and chills
- Painful swelling in neck
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Bad breath (halitosis)
Systemic Infection / Sepsis
- High fever, rigors
- Fatigue, malaise
- Rapid heart rate
- Necrotic skin lesions (rare)
- Septic emboli in lungs → chest pain, cough, dyspnea
Early recognition critical to prevent life-threatening complications।
Necrobacillosis कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Necrobacillosis)
- Clinical Examination – throat swelling, necrotic lesions, fever
- Blood Culture – detect Fusobacterium necrophorum
- Imaging (CT / MRI) – abscesses in neck, lungs, liver
- Biopsy / Gram Staining – necrotic tissue examination
- Laboratory Tests – elevated WBC, inflammatory markers
Diagnosis often requires high suspicion due to rarity।
Necrobacillosis इलाज (Treatment of Necrobacillosis)
1. Antibiotic Therapy
- Penicillin, metronidazole, clindamycin effective
- Prolonged therapy often required (2–6 weeks)
- Empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics initially
2. Surgical Intervention
- Drainage of abscesses
- Debridement of necrotic tissue
3. Supportive Care
- IV fluids, antipyretics, nutrition support
- Oxygen therapy if respiratory involvement
4. Monitoring
- Frequent blood tests to monitor infection
- Imaging follow-up for abscess resolution
Early aggressive treatment reduces mortality and complications।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Maintain good oral and dental hygiene
- Prompt treatment of tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and dental infections
- Avoid trauma to oral cavity
- Immunocompromised individuals require extra vigilance
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Seek immediate care for severe sore throat, neck swelling, fever
- Complete full course of prescribed antibiotics
- Avoid self-medication for throat infections
- Monitor for respiratory distress or systemic symptoms
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Necrobacillosis contagious है?
Generally, नहीं। यह infection opportunistic bacteria के कारण होता है, person-to-person transmission rare है।
Q2. क्या यह सिर्फ throat infection ही है?
नहीं, यह systemic infection, abscesses, sepsis भी cause कर सकता है।
Q3. कितना serious है यह infection?
Untreated cases life-threatening हो सकते हैं, इसलिए early diagnosis और aggressive antibiotics जरूरी हैं।
Q4. कौन high risk में है?
Immunocompromised, poor oral hygiene, recent throat or dental infection वाले लोग।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Necrobacillosis (नेक्रोबेसिलोसिस) एक rare लेकिन potentially life-threatening bacterial infection है।
Early recognition, aggressive antibiotic therapy, surgical intervention when needed, और supportive care से complications और mortality को कम किया जा सकता है।
अगर किसी को severe sore throat, neck swelling या fever हो, तो तुरंत physician या ENT specialist से consultation जरूरी है।