Traumatic brain injury is also called as craniocerebral trauma.
OVERVIEW
Brain dysfunction caused by an outside force, normally a violent blow to the head.
Traumatic brain injury frequently take place as a result of a serious sports injury or car accident.
Immediate or delayed symptoms can include confusion, blurry vision and difficulty concentrating. Infants can cry continuously or be irritable.
Treatment can involve rest, medication and surgery.
SYMPTOMS
Immediate or delayed symptoms can include confusion, blurry vision and difficulty in concentrating. Infants can cry co continuously or be irritable.
Cognitive: amnesia, not able to speak or understand language, mental confusion, difficulty in concentrating, difficulty in thinking and understanding, not able to create new memories, or not able to recognise common things
Behavioural: abnormal laughing and crying, aggression, impulsivity, irritability, lack of restraint, or continues repetition of words or actions
Mood: anger, anxiety, apathy, or loneliness
Whole body: blackout, dizziness, fainting, or fatigue
Eyes: dilated pupil, raccoon eyes, or dissimilar pupils
Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting
Speech: difficulty in speaking or slurred speech
Visual: blurred vision or sensitivity to light
Also common: continuous headache, a temporary moment of clarity, balance disorder, bleeding, bone fracture, bruising, depression, loss of smell, nerve injury, post-traumatic seizure, ringing in the ears, sensitivity to sound, or stiff muscles.
TREATMENTS
Treatment depends on seriousness
Treatment can involve rest, medication and surgery.
• Diuretic
Taking medicine that helps remove extra water from the body. It is also recommend to treat high blood pressure.
• Decompressive craniectomy
Surgical removal of part of the skull so that an injured brain can swell without being compress.
• Rehabilitation
Retraining the brain's pathways to better mental and physical functioning after an illness or injury. Example, after a blow to the head (concussion).
• Cognitive behavioral therapy
A talk therapy focused on modifying negative thoughts, behaviours and emotional responses connected with psychological distress.
• Anger management
Practicing mindfulness, coping mechanisms and activate avoidance to minimise destructive emotional outbursts.
• Counseling psychology
A branch of psychology that helps in treating personal problems which is related to school, work, family and social life.