Mycotic Aneurysm (मायकोटिक एनेउरिज्म) एक rare but serious aneurysm है जो infected arterial wall के कारण विकसित होता है।
- Despite the name, यह fungal infection से related नहीं होता; अक्सर bacterial infection कारण होता है।
- Most commonly affects aorta, cerebral arteries, and peripheral arteries।
- Untreated cases में rupture और life-threatening bleeding का खतरा रहता है।
Mycotic Aneurysm क्या है (What is Mycotic Aneurysm)
- Aneurysm जिसका arterial wall infection के कारण dilation या weakening हो जाता है।
- Common pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella species, Streptococcus species
- Infection vessel wall में inflammation और destruction करता है, जिससे localized dilation होता है।
- Can occur post endocarditis, bacteremia, or arterial injury।
Mycotic Aneurysm कारण (Causes of Mycotic Aneurysm)
1. Bacterial Infection
- Most common cause
- Endocarditis, sepsis, or bloodstream infection से secondary
2. Vascular Injury
- Trauma, catheterization, or arterial surgery
- Provides entry site for bacteria
3. Immunocompromised States
- Diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer, steroid therapy
- Infection risk और aneurysm formation बढ़ जाता है
4. Atherosclerosis
- Weakened arterial walls predispose to infection and aneurysm
Mycotic Aneurysm लक्षण (Symptoms of Mycotic Aneurysm)
- Fever, chills, malaise (systemic infection signs)
- Localized pain at affected artery
- Palpable pulsatile mass (if peripheral artery)
- Neurological deficits (if cerebral arteries affected)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding or rupture symptoms (if aortic)
- Sometimes asymptomatic until rupture occurs
Early detection is critical due to high risk of rupture and embolization।
Mycotic Aneurysm कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Mycotic Aneurysm)
- Blood Cultures – identify causative bacteria
- Imaging Studies
- CT Angiography – aneurysm size, location
- MRI / MRA – vascular and soft tissue assessment
- Ultrasound – peripheral arteries
- Echocardiography – check for infective endocarditis if suspected
- Laboratory Tests – elevated WBC, CRP, ESR indicate infection
- Differential Diagnosis – non-infectious aneurysms, abscess, hematoma
Early diagnosis prevents rupture, sepsis, and multi-organ complications।
Mycotic Aneurysm इलाज (Treatment of Mycotic Aneurysm)
1. Antibiotic Therapy
- Broad-spectrum IV antibiotics initially
- Tailored based on culture sensitivity
- Duration: usually 6 weeks or more
2. Surgical / Interventional Therapy
- Open surgical repair or endovascular stent grafting
- Debridement of infected tissue essential
- Timing critical to prevent rupture
3. Supportive Care
- Hemodynamic stabilization
- Pain management
- Monitor for signs of sepsis
4. Treat Underlying Condition
- Manage endocarditis, diabetes, immunosuppression
- Prevent recurrent infections
Combination of early antibiotics + surgical repair improves survival significantly।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Prompt treatment of bacterial infections
- Prevent endocarditis in high-risk patients
- Aseptic technique during vascular procedures
- Control comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Monitor for fever, localized pain, or pulsatile mass
- Avoid delay in diagnosis of any vascular infection
- Adherence to full course of antibiotics
- Regular follow-up post-surgery or endovascular repair
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Mycotic aneurysm कितनी गंभीर है?
यह life-threatening हो सकता है, rupture और sepsis का high risk होता है।
Q2. इसे सिर्फ surgery से ठीक किया जा सकता है?
Antibiotics alone rarely sufficient; surgical or endovascular repair usually required।
Q3. कौन ज्यादा susceptible है?
Immunocompromised, elderly, post-endocarditis या vascular surgery patients।
Q4. Symptoms अचानक दिखाई दे सकते हैं?
हाँ, rupture के समय sudden pain, hypotension या shock हो सकता है।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Mycotic Aneurysm (मायकोटिक एनेउरिज्म) एक गंभीर और potentially fatal condition है।
Early diagnosis, targeted antibiotics, timely surgical intervention, और underlying infection management से survival और complications control संभव है।
यदि कोई व्यक्ति fever, localized pulsatile pain, या vascular risk factors के साथ हो, तो तुरंत cardiologist या vascular surgeon से consultation जरूरी है।