Myopathic Gait कारण, लक्षण और इलाज

Myopathic Gait (मायोपैथिक गait) एक विशेष प्रकार की walking abnormality (चलने की समस्या) है, जो muscle weakness के कारण होती है।

• यह gait pattern proximal muscle weakness, खासकर hip और thigh muscles में कमजोरी के कारण दिखाई देती है।
• आमतौर पर myopathies, muscular dystrophies या neuromuscular disorders में देखी जाती है।
• Myopathic gait मरीज के balance और mobility को प्रभावित कर सकती है।

Myopathic Gait क्या है  (What is Myopathic Gait)

• यह gait characterized है by:
  1. Waddling motion – हिप्स की side-to-side movement
  1. Lumbar lordosis – कमर का exaggerated curve
  1. Difficulty in rising from sitting or lying position
• Usually bilateral proximal muscle weakness के कारण होती है।
• Commonly associated with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Becker Muscular Dystrophy, inflammatory myopathies।

Myopathic Gait कारण (Causes of Myopathic Gait)

1. Muscular Dystrophies

• Duchenne, Becker, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
• Genetic mutations leading to progressive muscle weakness

2. Inflammatory Myopathies

• Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis
• Autoimmune attack on skeletal muscles

3. Metabolic / Endocrine Myopathies

• Hypothyroid myopathy, mitochondrial myopathy
• Energy metabolism defects

4. Congenital Myopathies

• Present from birth
• Structural muscle defects

5. Drug-Induced / Toxic Myopathies

• Statins, corticosteroids misuse

Myopathic Gait लक्षण (Symptoms of Myopathic Gait)

• Waddling gait – pelvis sways side-to-side
• Difficulty climbing stairs or rising from chair
• Lumbar lordosis (arched lower back)
• Proximal muscle weakness – thighs, hips, shoulders
• Fatigue and reduced endurance
• Sometimes calf hypertrophy (pseudohypertrophy in DMD)

Gait analysis important for early diagnosis of underlying myopathy।

Myopathic Gait कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Myopathic Gait)

1. Clinical Examination
   1. Observe gait, muscle bulk, posture, range of motion
2. Muscle Strength Testing
   1. Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) – proximal weakness pattern
3. Blood Tests
   1. Creatine kinase (CK) elevated in dystrophies or inflammatory myopathies
4. Electromyography (EMG)
   1. Confirms myopathic pattern
5. Muscle Biopsy / Genetic Testing
6. Confirms type of muscular dystrophy or myopathy
7. Imaging
   1. MRI or Ultrasound for muscle structure

Myopathic Gait इलाज / Management (Treatment of Myopathic Gait)

1. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

• Strengthening proximal muscles
• Stretching exercises for flexibility
• Gait training to improve mobility

2. Occupational Therapy

• Adaptive devices – walker, cane, orthoses
• Daily living support

3. Medical Treatment

• Corticosteroids – especially in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• Immunosuppressive therapy – for inflammatory myopathies
• Treat underlying metabolic or endocrine disorder

4. Surgical / Orthopedic Interventions

• Correct contractures or severe deformities
• Orthopedic surgery for severe spinal deformities

5. Lifestyle Measures

• Balanced diet rich in protein
• Avoid fatigue and overexertion
• Regular monitoring for cardiac or respiratory complications (in dystrophies)

रोकथाम (Prevention / Management of Complications)

• Early diagnosis and intervention slows progression
• Physiotherapy from early age
• Genetic counseling for families with inherited myopathies
• Avoid drugs that can worsen muscle weakness

सावधानियाँ (Precautions)

• Avoid sudden strenuous activity causing fatigue
• Monitor for falls due to imbalance
• Regular follow-up with neurologist or physiotherapist
• Prompt treatment of infections or respiratory issues in progressive myopathies

FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)

Q1. क्या Myopathic Gait reversible है?

Depends on cause – inflammatory myopathies में partially reversible, genetic dystrophies में symptom management possible है।

Q2. किस उम्र में दिखती है Myopathic Gait?

Depends on underlying disorder – congenital forms infancy में, dystrophies childhood में, metabolic myopathies adulthood में।

Q3. क्या यह केवल पैरों में होती है?

मुख्य रूप से proximal lower limb muscles प्रभावित होती हैं, लेकिन shoulders और upper limbs भी involve हो सकते हैं।

Q4. Physiotherapy कितनी effective है?

Symptom management, mobility improvement और fall prevention में बहुत मददगार।

निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

Myopathic Gait (मायोपैथिक गait) एक distinctive walking pattern है जो proximal muscle weakness के कारण होता है।
Early diagnosis, physiotherapy, medical treatment और lifestyle management से mobility, strength और quality of life को बेहतर किया जा सकता है।
अगर कोई व्यक्ति difficulty walking, waddling motion या difficulty climbing stairs अनुभव करे, तो neurologist या physiotherapist से consultation जरूरी है।