Myositis Syndromes (मायोसाइटिस सिंड्रोम) एक autoimmune या inflammatory muscle disorder है जिसमें skeletal muscles की कमजोरी और सूजन होती है।
- यह condition adults और बच्चों दोनों में हो सकती है।
- मुख्य प्रकार: Polymyositis (पॉलीमायोसाइटिस), Dermatomyositis (डर्माटोमायोसाइटिस), Inclusion Body Myositis (इनक्लूजन बॉडी मायोसाइटिस)।
- Syndrome के कारण muscle inflammation, weakness और fatigue होते हैं।
Myositis Syndromes क्या है (What is Myositis Syndromes)
- Group of disorders characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscles
- Leads to progressive muscle weakness (proximal muscles mostly affected)
- Can involve skin (rash), joints, lungs, heart in systemic forms
- Autoimmune in nature; immune system attacks muscle fibers
Myositis Syndromes कारण (Causes of Myositis Syndromes)
1. Autoimmune Disorders
- Body’s immune system attacks muscle fibers
- Often associated with other autoimmune diseases: lupus, scleroderma
2. Genetic Factors
- Rare familial predisposition in some forms (inclusion body myositis)
3. Infections / Environmental Triggers
- Viral infections can trigger immune response
- Certain drugs or toxins may induce myositis
4. Paraneoplastic Syndromes
- Dermatomyositis कभी-कभी underlying cancer से जुड़ा होता है
Myositis Syndromes लक्षण (Symptoms of Myositis Syndromes)
- Muscle weakness – progressive, usually proximal muscles (shoulders, hips)
- Fatigue and difficulty in climbing stairs, lifting objects
- Muscle pain or tenderness
- Skin rash – Gottron’s papules, heliotrope rash (dermatomyositis)
- Swallowing difficulty (dysphagia)
- Rare: lung involvement, joint pain, heart problems
Symptoms gradually worsen over weeks to months.
Myositis Syndromes कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Myositis Syndromes)
- Physical Examination – muscle strength assessment
- Blood Tests – elevated creatine kinase (CK), aldolase, autoantibodies (anti-Jo-1, ANA)
- Electromyography (EMG) – shows muscle fiber inflammation
- Muscle Biopsy – confirms inflammation, necrosis, or inclusion bodies
- Imaging – MRI of affected muscles to detect edema and damage
- Screening for underlying cancer – especially in adult dermatomyositis
Accurate diagnosis is essential for targeted therapy and prognosis।
Myositis Syndromes इलाज (Treatment of Myositis Syndromes)
1. Medications
- Corticosteroids (Prednisolone) – first-line treatment to reduce inflammation
- Immunosuppressants – Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Mycophenolate mofetil
- IVIG (Intravenous immunoglobulin) – severe or refractory cases
2. Physical Therapy
- Muscle strengthening and mobility exercises
- Prevents muscle atrophy and improves function
3. Supportive Care
- Nutrition support for muscle health
- Management of lung, heart, or swallowing complications
4. Monitoring
- Regular blood tests, muscle strength evaluation, imaging
- Adjust therapy according to disease activity
Early intervention slows progression and improves quality of life।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Genetic forms cannot be prevented
- For autoimmune triggers: early detection and treatment of autoimmune conditions
- Avoid medications or toxins that can induce myositis
- Healthy lifestyle to maintain muscle health and immunity
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Adhere to prescribed medications and follow-up
- Avoid strenuous activities during flare-ups
- Monitor for lung, heart, and swallowing complications
- Vaccinations and infection prevention to avoid triggering flare
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Myositis cure हो सकती है?
Autoimmune forms में complete cure rare, लेकिन treatment से symptoms control और muscle strength improvement संभव है।
Q2. क्या यह बच्चों में भी होता है?
हाँ, especially juvenile dermatomyositis, जो 5–15 वर्ष के बच्चों में common है।
Q3. कितने समय में recovery होती है?
Weeks to months for initial improvement; chronic forms may require long-term management।
Q4. क्या exercise मदद करता है?
हाँ, physical therapy और gentle exercise muscle strength और function सुधारते हैं।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Myositis Syndromes (मायोसाइटिस सिंड्रोम) skeletal muscles की inflammatory और autoimmune disorders हैं।
Early diagnosis, immunosuppressive therapy, physical therapy और supportive care से muscle weakness को slow किया जा सकता है और quality of life improve होती है।
अगर किसी को progressive muscle weakness, rash, fatigue या swallowing difficulty दिखाई दे, तो तुरंत rheumatologist या neurologist से consultation जरूरी है।