Nail Trauma कारण, लक्षण और इलाज

Nail Trauma (नाखून की चोट) उस स्थिति को कहते हैं जब नाखून या उसके आस-पास की त्वचा में चोट या क्षति हो जाती है।

• यह चोट अक्सर अकस्मात चोट, गिरने, दबाव या repetitive use से होती है।
• Nail trauma कई प्रकार की हो सकती है, जैसे subungual hematoma, nail avulsion, nail fracture या nail bed injury।
• सही देखभाल न करने पर infection, nail deformity या permanent nail loss हो सकता है।

Nail Trauma क्या है  (What is Nail Trauma)

• Injury to nail plate, nail bed, or surrounding skin
• Can be acute (sudden injury) or chronic (repeated microtrauma)
• Leads to:
  1. Bleeding under nail (subungual hematoma)
  2. Nail detachment (avulsion)
  3. Nail deformity
  4. Pain, swelling, redness
• Commonly affects fingers and toes, especially thumbnails and big toenails

Nail Trauma कारण (Causes of Nail Trauma)

1. Accidental Injury

• Fingers or toes caught in doors, hit by objects
• Heavy object falling on nails

2. Sports or Physical Activities

• Running, hiking, climbing, or ball sports
• Repetitive trauma in athletes or dancers

3. Occupational Causes

• Construction work, typing, kitchen work, nail biting

4. Medical Procedures

• IV catheter placement or surgery can occasionally injure nails

5. Underlying Nail Disorders

• Weak or brittle nails prone to trauma

Nail Trauma लक्षण (Symptoms of Nail Trauma)

• Pain and tenderness at nail site
• Swelling, redness, or bruising
• Subungual hematoma (dark blood under nail)
• Nail separation (partial or complete)
• Nail deformity: ridges, cracks, or split nails
• Infection signs: pus, foul odor, warmth
• Sometimes loss of nail sensation or numbness

Severity depends on type of trauma and depth of injury।

Nail Trauma कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Nail Trauma)

1. Physical Examination – inspect nail plate, nail bed, surrounding skin
2. History Taking – mechanism of injury, timing, pain severity
3. Imaging (X-ray) – if fracture or bone involvement suspected
4. Assess for Infection – redness, discharge, or fever
5. Nail Bed Integrity – check for lacerations or subungual hematoma

Early evaluation prevents long-term nail deformities।

Nail Trauma इलाज (Treatment of Nail Trauma)

1. Immediate Care

• Clean injury with antiseptic solution
• Apply cold compress to reduce swelling
• Pain relief with acetaminophen or NSAIDs

2. Subungual Hematoma

• Small hematomas may resolve on their own
• Large hematomas: nail trephination to drain blood

3. Nail Avulsion / Detachment

• Partial or complete nail removal if severely damaged
• Protect nail bed with sterile dressing

4. Lacerations

• Suturing nail bed if needed
• Antibiotic ointment to prevent infection

5. Infection Prevention

• Oral antibiotics in case of severe trauma or infection
• Keep area clean and dry

6. Long-term Care

• Monitor new nail growth
• Avoid repetitive trauma
• Use protective gloves or footwear

रोकथाम (Prevention)

• Avoid heavy objects falling on fingers or toes
• Wear protective gloves or shoes
• Avoid nail biting or aggressive manicures
• Trim nails regularly to prevent snagging
• Use cushioned sports shoes and protective gear in physical activities

सावधानियाँ (Precautions)

• Do not ignore persistent pain, bleeding, or infection
• Seek medical help if nail completely detached or nail bed lacerated
• Avoid home procedures like forceful nail removal
• Monitor for changes in nail color or shape during healing

FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)

Q1. Nail trauma से nail permanently miss हो सकता है?

अगर nail bed severely damaged है, तो permanent nail deformity या slow regrowth हो सकता है।

Q2. Subungual hematoma में क्या करना चाहिए?

Small hematoma घर पर manage हो सकता है, लेकिन large या painful hematoma में doctor से drainage जरूरी है।

Q3. Nail trauma infection कब हो सकती है?

अगर wound dirty, untreated या improperly dressed हो, तब।

Q4. Nails कितने समय में grow back होती हैं?

Fingernails: लगभग 3–6 months, Toenails: 12–18 months

निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

Nail Trauma (नाखून की चोट) आम लेकिन sometimes serious condition है।
Immediate care, proper wound management, infection prevention, और protective measures से recovery तेजी से होती है और nail deformities prevent होती हैं।
अगर किसी को severe pain, bleeding, nail detachment या infection दिखाई दे, तो तुरंत physician या dermatologist से consultation जरूरी है।