Norwegian Scabies (नॉर्वेजियन स्कैबीज़), जिसे Crusted Scabies भी कहा जाता है, scabies का severe और highly contagious form है।
- यह Sarcoptes scabiei mite (स्कैबीज़ का कीट) के कारण होता है।
- सामान्य scabies के मुकाबले इसमें skin crusting, thick scales और massive mite infestation होती है।
- Immunocompromised patients (HIV, leukemia, transplant recipients, elderly) में अधिक आम है।
- बहुत तेजी से फैलता है और untreated होने पर secondary infections का कारण बन सकता है।
Norwegian Scabies क्या है (What is Norwegian Scabies)
- Severe form of scabies infestation
- Characterized by thick, crusted plaques, scaling, and fissures
- High mite burden compared to classical scabies
- Extremely contagious via direct skin contact or fomites (clothes, bedding)
Norwegian Scabies कारण (Causes of Norwegian Scabies)
1. Mite Infestation
- Caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis
- High proliferation in immunocompromised individuals
2. Immune System Dysfunction
- HIV/AIDS, leukemia, transplant patients
- Elderly and malnourished individuals
3. Chronic Skin Conditions
- Psoriasis, eczema, or other skin diseases may predispose
Norwegian Scabies लक्षण (Symptoms of Norwegian Scabies)
- Thick crusted plaques on hands, feet, scalp, and trunk
- Severe scaling and fissuring
- Mild or absent itching (unlike classical scabies)
- Nail involvement – thickened, dystrophic nails
- Secondary bacterial infection – redness, pus, odor
Symptoms are more extensive and severe than typical scabies।
Norwegian Scabies कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Norwegian Scabies)
- Clinical Examination – thick crusts, scaling, widespread involvement
- Skin Scraping & Microscopy – identifies millions of mites and eggs
- Dermatoscopy – reveals burrows and mites
- History – immunocompromised status, contact with infected individuals
- Rule out fungal or bacterial skin infections
Skin scraping with microscopy is gold standard।
Norwegian Scabies इलाज (Treatment of Norwegian Scabies)
1. Topical Treatment
- Permethrin 5% cream – applied over entire body
- Multiple applications required due to heavy mite burden
- Keratolytic agents (salicylic acid) may help remove crusts
2. Oral Treatment
- Ivermectin – especially for immunocompromised or widespread cases
- Multiple doses at 1–2 week intervals
3. Management of Secondary Infection
- Antibiotics for bacterial superinfection
- Antiseptic washes
4. Environmental Measures
- Wash clothes, bedding, towels in hot water
- Isolate patient until treatment complete
- Treat close contacts simultaneously
5. Follow-up
- Regular monitoring for recurrence
- Skin improvement over 2–4 weeks
Aggressive treatment required due to high contagiousness and mite load।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Early diagnosis and treatment of contacts
- Maintain personal hygiene
- Avoid sharing clothes, towels, bedding
- Immunocompromised patients should avoid contact with infected individuals
- Community awareness in outbreak areas
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Highly contagious – use gloves and protective clothing while caring for patient
- Wash hands frequently
- Avoid scratching crusted lesions to prevent secondary infection
- Complete full course of topical/oral therapy
- Monitor for persistent lesions after treatment
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Norwegian Scabies contagious है?
हाँ, यह extremely contagious है, direct skin contact या fomites के माध्यम से फैलता है।
Q2. Classical scabies और Norwegian scabies में क्या फर्क है?
Classical scabies – mild itching, few mites; Norwegian scabies – severe crusting, high mite burden, immunocompromised individuals।
Q3. क्या यह केवल immunocompromised लोगों में होता है?
अधिकांश cases immunocompromised में होते हैं, लेकिन rare healthy individuals में भी हो सकता है।
Q4. इलाज कितना समय लेता है?
Topical + oral treatment के बाद 2–4 हफ्तों में improvement, लेकिन crust removal और hygiene measures जरूरी हैं।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Norwegian Scabies (नॉर्वेजियन स्कैबीज़) एक severe, contagious form of scabies है।
Early recognition, aggressive topical/oral therapy, secondary infection management और strict hygiene से complications और transmission को रोका जा सकता है।
अगर किसी में widespread crusted plaques, nail involvement या mild itching हो, तो तुरंत dermatologist या physician से consultation जरूरी है।