Myocardial Rupture (मायोकार्डियल रुप्चर) एक life-threatening cardiac emergency है जिसमें heart wall (myocardium) फट जाता है।
- यह अक्सर acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) के बाद होता है।
- Left ventricular free wall, interventricular septum, या papillary muscles प्रभावित हो सकते हैं।
- Untreated cases में cardiogenic shock या sudden death हो सकता है।
Myocardial Rupture क्या है (What is Myocardial Rupture)
- Heart wall tear due to weakened myocardial tissue after infarction
- Leads to acute cardiac tamponade, severe heart failure, or sudden death
- Common in elderly, females, or first-time MI patients
Myocardial Rupture कारण (Causes of Myocardial Rupture)
1. Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI)
- Most common cause
- Usually 3–7 days post-MI
- Full-thickness infarct increases rupture risk
2. Trauma
- Blunt chest injury or penetrating trauma
3. Surgical or Interventional Complications
- Rare, post-cardiac surgery or angioplasty
4. Other Risk Factors
- Age >60 years
- Female gender
- Hypertension
- Delayed or no reperfusion therapy after MI
Myocardial Rupture लक्षण (Symptoms of Myocardial Rupture)
- Sudden severe chest pain
- Rapid drop in blood pressure (hypotension)
- Cardiogenic shock – cold, clammy skin, confusion
- Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
- Jugular venous distension (if tamponade develops)
- Shortness of breath and cyanosis
Symptoms are usually acute and catastrophic.
Myocardial Rupture कैसे पहचाने (Diagnosis of Myocardial Rupture)
- Echocardiography – detects wall tear, pericardial effusion
- Electrocardiography (ECG) – recent MI signs
- Cardiac catheterization – confirm infarcted area
- Clinical evaluation – hypotension, shock, muffled heart sounds (if tamponade)
- Imaging – CT or MRI if patient stable
Early recognition critical for survival।
Myocardial Rupture इलाज (Treatment of Myocardial Rupture)
1. Emergency Surgery
- Surgical repair of ruptured myocardium
- Pericardial drainage if tamponade present
2. Hemodynamic Support
- Intravenous fluids and vasopressors
- Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in some cases
3. Medical Management (Temporary / Supportive)
- Oxygen supplementation
- Pain management and sedation
- Avoid delay in surgical intervention
4. Post-Surgical Care
- Intensive cardiac monitoring
- Control blood pressure and heart rate
- Prevent arrhythmias and heart failure
Survival rate improves significantly with immediate surgical intervention।
रोकथाम (Prevention)
- Early recognition and treatment of myocardial infarction
- Timely reperfusion therapy (PCI / thrombolysis)
- Control hypertension and diabetes
- Avoid delay in seeking care during chest pain
सावधानियाँ (Precautions)
- Any patient post-MI should be monitored closely for 1–2 weeks
- Recognize early warning signs – hypotension, chest pain, sudden dyspnea
- Avoid strenuous activity until stabilized post-MI
- Maintain follow-up with cardiologist
FAQs (अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न)
Q1. Myocardial rupture common है?
Rare, लेकिन acute MI patients में high mortality के कारण critical है।
Q2. Symptoms कितने समय में आते हैं?
आमतौर पर 3–7 days post-MI, sudden catastrophic presentation।
Q3. क्या बिना surgery के survive किया जा सकता है?
Very rare, almost always fatal without emergency surgical repair।
Q4. Risk कम कैसे करें?
Timely reperfusion therapy, blood pressure control, MI management और close cardiac monitoring।
निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)
Myocardial Rupture (मायोकार्डियल रुप्चर) एक life-threatening cardiac emergency है।
Early detection, immediate surgical intervention, hemodynamic support और post-MI monitoring से survival rate improve किया जा सकता है।
अगर किसी को sudden severe chest pain, hypotension या dyspnea हो, तो तुरंत emergency cardiac care लेना चाहिए।